Hemorrhoids: Symptoms, Treatment, and Surgical Procedures for Correction

Introduction:

Hemorrhoids are a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. They occur when the veins in the rectum or anus become swollen and inflamed, causing discomfort, pain, and sometimes bleeding. In this article, we will explore the symptoms, treatment options, and various surgical procedures available for the correction of hemorrhoids, including fissures, piles, and fistulas. We will also highlight the expertise of Prof. Dr. K. P. Haridas, the chief surgeon at Lords Hospital in Kerala, known for its best-in-class treatment and minimally invasive procedures.

Symptoms of Hemorrhoids:

Hemorrhoids can manifest in different ways, depending on their type and severity. The common symptoms include:

1. Rectal bleeding during bowel movements
2. Itching or irritation in the anal region
3. Pain or discomfort, especially during sitting or bowel movements
4. Swelling or lumps around the anus
5. Leakage of feces or mucus

Types of Hemorrhoids:

There are two main types of hemorrhoids: internal and external.

1. Internal Hemorrhoids: These occur inside the rectum and are usually painless. They may cause bleeding during bowel movements or protrude through the anus (prolapsed hemorrhoids) causing discomfort.
2. External Hemorrhoids: These develop under the skin around the anus and can be felt as painful lumps. They may cause itching, bleeding, or blood clots (thrombosis) leading to severe pain.

Treatment Options:

Treatment for hemorrhoids typically involves a combination of lifestyle changes, self-care measures, and medical interventions. The following approaches can help alleviate symptoms and promote healing:

1. Self-care measures: These include maintaining good hygiene, using soft and moist toilet paper, applying over-the-counter creams or ointments, and using sitz baths to reduce swelling and irritation.

2. Dietary modifications: Consuming a high-fiber diet, drinking plenty of fluids, and avoiding straining during bowel movements can help prevent constipation, a common trigger for hemorrhoids.

3. Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may help relieve pain and inflammation. Topical creams or suppositories containing hydrocortisone or witch hazel can provide temporary relief from itching and discomfort.

Surgical Procedures for Hemorrhoids:

In cases where conservative treatments fail to provide relief, surgical intervention may be necessary. Several surgical procedures are available to correct different types of hemorrhoids. Some commonly performed procedures include:

1. Rubber Band Ligation: This procedure involves placing a small rubber band around the base of the hemorrhoid, cutting off its blood supply. Eventually, the hemorrhoid shrinks and falls off.

2. Hemorrhoidectomy: This surgical removal of hemorrhoids is typically used for severe cases. It involves excising the hemorrhoid tissue using a scalpel, laser, or electrocautery. Hemorrhoidectomy is effective but may require a longer recovery period.

3. Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy (Stapler Surgery): This procedure is used for prolapsed hemorrhoids. It involves using a circular stapling device to remove excess tissue and restore the hemorrhoids to their normal position. Stapler surgery results in less pain and faster recovery compared to traditional hemorrhoidectomy.

4. Cryotherapy: This technique uses freezing temperatures to destroy hemorrhoid tissue. It is generally less invasive and requires less recovery time than traditional surgery. Cryotherapy is particularly useful for smaller internal hemorrhoids.

Lords Hospital: Delivering Excellence in Hemorrhoid Treatment:

Lords Hospital, located in Kerala, is renowned for its expertise in treating various conditions, including hemorrhoids. Prof. Dr. K. P. Haridas, the chief surgeon at Lords Hospital, brings over 50 years of experience in surgical procedures. The hospital offers state-of-the-art facilities and specializes in minimally invasive procedures, ensuring the best possible outcomes for patients.

Conclusion:

Hemorrhoids can cause significant discomfort and affect one’s quality of life. Recognizing the symptoms and seeking timely medical attention is crucial. While non-surgical approaches and lifestyle modifications are often effective, surgical procedures may be necessary for severe or persistent cases. Lords Hospital, led by Prof. Dr. K. P. Haridas, provides exceptional care and specializes in minimally invasive techniques, ensuring optimal outcomes for patients with hemorrhoids. If you’re experiencing hemorrhoid symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment options.